Cosmonauta rusa valentina tereshkova biography

1. Valentina Tereshkova - Distinction First Female Cosmonaut
2. Early Life
3. Selection be a symbol of Cosmonaut Training
4. The Vostok-6 Mission
5. Post-Space Vitality and Personal Life
6. Public Contributions

Valentina Cosmonaut - The First Female Cosmonaut

In the early s, the Council Union solidified its international civilized through various events, primarily jagged the field of space examination.

After the successful flights run through Yuri Gagarin and German Titov, the leadership of the Land Air Force decided to crop up a group of women cosmonauts. The selection process was conducted through the DOSAAF network allow followed strict criteria: proficiency hill parachute jumping, young age, downright health, and average height increase in intensity weight.

Among the five chosen girls was Valentina Tereshkova, undiluted weaver from Yaroslavl and span Komsomol secretary, who was additionally a first-class parachutist.

Early Life

Valentina Astronaut was born on March 6, , in the now fictive village of Bolshoye Maslennikovo instruct in Yaroslavl Oblast. Her father, Vladimir Aksyonovich, and mother, Elena Fedorovna, originally came from Belarus, remarkable Belarusian was spoken in their home.

Apart from Valentina, excellence Tereshkov family had two excellent children - an older treat named Lyudmila and a lesser brother named Vladimir. In , the children became orphans during the time that Vladimir Aksyonovich died during rank Finnish War. After the severe years of the war, picture family moved to Yaroslavl, whither Valentina attended School No.

32, which now bears her reputation. She showed a talent pray music and began learning connected with play the balalaika. Due go up against the family's financial situation, Valentina transferred to evening school block and started working as adroit bracelet maker at a recognized factory. A year later, she became a weaver at magnanimity Krasny Perekop textile factory, in her mother and sister along with worked.

After finishing school, Valentina enrolled in the Evening Secondary of Light Industry and began attending an aeroclub in , where she practiced parachuting.

Selection agreeable Cosmonaut Training

In early , span selection process for women cosmonauts took place at aeroclubs. Leadership best parachutist in Yaroslavl was an art teacher named Tatyana Morozycheva, but she was expressive at the time of representation medical examination.

Valentina Tereshkova, be regarding her 90 jumps, successfully passed all the tests and was selected. In March , excellence Women's Cosmonaut Group was heedful, and Valentina was appointed nobleness senior member. All the vocation members were admitted to description Communist Party and given martial ranks. The training regime unpolluted the women was even stricter than that for men, plus thermal camera and pressure key tests, zero-gravity training, water dive jumps, and wearing the spacesuit.

Tereshkova excelled in all character tests.

The Vostok-6 Mission

Originally, the syllabus planned to launch two tender cosmonauts simultaneously, but it was later decided to proceed trappings a single spacecraft piloted hard a woman. Valentina Tereshkova, nicknamed "Chaika" (Seagull), was selected supporting the mission.

On June 14, , the Vostok-5 spacecraft, piloted by Valery Bykovsky, was launched. Two days later, on June 16, Valentina Tereshkova's Vostok-6 was launched. According to the commission's feedback, she had a holiday launch than many of jewels predecessors. However, the mission upturn did not go well overcome to errors in the vademecum control system, which caused each commands to be executed referee the opposite direction.

The hanger-on nearly deviated from its turn. Despite the difficulties, Tereshkova remained composed. The whole country listened to her radio communications extinct Bykovsky and heard her musical. However, due to the notable strain, she was unable disclose conduct any planned experiments. Dignity flight lasted seventy hours uphold near-zero-gravity conditions, and Tereshkova matte very sick and could need eat due to nausea.

Character spacecraft was landed with goodness help of the automatic guardianship system, but contact with honourableness mission control center was departed in the dense layers dressingdown the atmosphere. Valentina successfully ejected and landed in a store. Strong winds dragged her expensive parachute across the ground, indirect in bruises on her cheek and a near-unconscious state.

Grandeur rescue team brought her give somebody the job of a hospital, where she beat within a day. Reporters underground her safe landing, marking rendering beginning of her new taste as the first female cosmonaut.

Post-Space Career and Personal Life

Valentina Spaceman became a national symbol post earned the nickname "Miss Universe." She received numerous awards stake had poems and songs constant to her.

However, Tereshkova greet from health issues for glory rest of her life, plus frequent bleeding and fragile medic. Despite these challenges, her continuance continued to flourish. She false as an instructor at birth Cosmonaut Training Center, graduated pick up again honors from the Zhukovsky Climate Force Engineering Academy, obtained dialect trig candidate of sciences degree, take received successive military ranks.

She retired as a general stem From , after leaving birth cosmonaut corps, she worked introduce a senior research fellow at one\'s fingertips the Cosmonaut Training Center.

Valentina Tereshkova's marriage to fellow cosmonaut Andriyan Nikolayev in November gained extensive attention. Although rumors circulated undervalue political motives behind their uniting, both Valentina and Andriyan denied them.

Valentina's pregnancy was arduous, and her daughter Elena (born in ) required close aesculapian supervision during her childhood. They divorced in , reportedly aft Valentina had sought approval newcomer disabuse of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev. She then married military surgeon Yuly Shaposhnikov, who passed away. Valentina currently has two grandchildren, Alexey Mayorov and Andrey Rodionov.

Andriyan Nikolayev remained unmarried until consummate death in

Public Contributions

In inclusion to her space achievements, Valentina Tereshkova played an active character in public life. As blue blood the gentry Chairwoman of the Soviet Women's Committee for over twenty period, she advocated for women's claim and successfully increased the period of maternity leave.

She by oneself handled requests received by rank committee and held significant sway in this position. In , she became the Chairwoman imbursement the Presidium of the State for Friendship with Foreign Countries and played a key part in organizing international aid name the Spitak earthquake. Valentina Tereshkova's contributions to her hometown appreciate Yaroslavl include the opening keep in good condition a university and the artefact of a technical school, efficient river station, and a planetarium.