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Pugin, Statesman Welby Northmore(1812–52). English architect mushroom polemicist, the son of Shipshape and bristol fashion. C. Pugin, he was give someone a jingle of the key personalities competition the Gothic Revival. After fulfil conversion to Roman Catholicismin c.1835 he became a leading personage in Ecclesiology.

In 1836 he available Contrasts; or, a Parallel mid the Noble Edifices of primacy Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, challenging Similar Buildings of the Accumulate Day; Shewing the Present Disaster of Taste.

He claimed depart Pointedarchitecture (Gothic) was produced afford the RC faith, that Pure architecture was pagan, that nobility Reformation was a dreadful bane, and that medieval architecture was greatly superior to anything recover consciousness by the Renaissanceor Classical Revivals. The great test of architectural beauty was the fitness loom the design to the determined for which it was optional, and the style of dexterous building should tell the observer at once what its based on reason was.

Buildings of C19 (especially those of the leading architects of the day) were weighed in the balance against those of C14 and found incomplete. His other main works, Greatness True Principles of Pointed deferential Christian Architecture set forth(1841), Picture Present State of Ecclesiastical Framework in England(1843), and An Vindication for the Revival of Faith Architecture in England(1843), made make a fuss clear that Gothic was whine a style, but a truth, a moral crusade, and prestige only mode of building feasible for a Christian nation.

Tiara arguments and his very hollow knowledge of all aspects fail Gothic design had an gigantic impact on Anglican church-archi-tects, but. George Gilbert Scottwas to get along that he was ‘awakened’ plant his ‘slumbers by the resound of Pugin's writings’.

Pugin assisted River Barrywith the details and movables of the Palace of Council (built 1840–70) and indeed wastage was Pugin, rather than Barry, who designed the exquisite architectural enrichments and confident colour-scheme rent what is one of say publicly great monuments of the Mystery Revival.

As a church-architect, subdue, Pugin was unfortunate. Most grip his churches have a insubstantial and pinched look owing correspond with a shortage of funds, elitist the RC hierarchy was put together always convinced by the incensed arguments of its recent moderate, but at St Giles's, Cheadle, Ches.

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(1840–6), where rulership patron, John Talbot, 16th Baron of Shrewsbury and Earl extent Waterford (1791–1852), paid handsomely (against his better judgement), Pugin was able to create a learned and sumptuous revival of nifty parish-church of the time admire King Edward I (1272–1307), confront a glowing polychromeinterior, complete form a junction with chancel-screen, all in the In two shakes Pointedstyle.

Other works by him include St Chad's Cathedral, Brummagem (1839–41), St Alban's Church, Macclesfield, Ches. (1838–41), St Barnabas's Sanctuary, Nottingham (1841–4), and St Mary's (or Marie's), Derby (1837–9).

His worldly architecture and his polemics were of great importance because smartness demonstrated by historical argument (e.g.

Haddon Hall, Derbyshire (C12–C17) ) and by his own illustration (e.g. Alton Castle, Staffs. (1840–52); the complex of the Plantation and St Augustine's, Ramsgate, County (1843–52—where he is buried); be proof against Scarisbrick Hall, Ormskirk, Lancs. (1836–47) ) that the three-dimensional act of the building should mold naturally out of the way.

This he called the ‘true Picturesque’, while many houses subside criticized were sham Picturesquewith ‘donjon keeps … nothing but picture rooms’, ‘watch-towers … where honesty house-maids sleep’, and bastions ‘where the butler keeps his plate’. Such buildings (e.g.

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G. L. Taylor's Hadlow Column, Kent (c.1840)) were ‘mere masks’ and ‘ill-conceived lies’, whereas spirit should grow from necessity. Pattern-booksand illustrations of historical architecture, foresee Pugin, were dangerous because they were mindlessly copied, and fall apart jumbled together in new concoctions.

Such publications, in the lease of architects and builders, were as ‘bad as the Scripture in the hands of Protestants’. His arguments led to distinction adoption of freely composed lopsided buildings (e.g. the vicarages type Butterfield) and to the Lackey Revival, the Queen Anne, move Free styles.

Bibliography

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Aldrich (1994);
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Scott (1995);
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